The Implications of External Factors on Indonesian Tourism Human Resources Resilience Using PESTEL Analysis: A Preliminary Mapping

Abstract

Tourism has become a leading sector that significantly contributes to Indonesia's economic growth. Tourism development has multiplier effects to generate social, cultural, and economic benefits. However, the development still has a few problems, especially in strengthening tourism human resources to create suboptimal tourism services. A good level of competence and competitiveness will impact increasing tourist visits positively and enhance resilience globally. This study aims to find and know the external factors that can affect the resilience of Indonesian Tourism Human Resources to provide maximum tourism services and positively strengthen the tourism sector. PESTEL analysis was used to analyze and map the implications of external factors which influence the Indonesian human resources resilience. The research found that there are predispose six factors implicated in resilience, namely political, economic, sociocultural, technological, environmental, and legal. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop a strategic framework to provide applicable recommendations to strengthen the resilience of Indonesian tourism human resources. The research is to function as a preliminary mapping for building a strategic framework policy for the development of Indonesian tourism human resources.